Ihuriro Rusange Rusange Inyandikomvugo Amakosa
Inama Zisanzwe Zisanzwe Zikora iminota amakosa
Intangiriro ngufi kuminota yinama
Inyandikomvugo y'inama, ahanini, ni amateka y'ibyingenzi byibanze mu nama hamwe n'ibyanditswe mu nama. Mubisanzwe basobanura ibyabaye mu nama kandi barashobora gushyiramo urutonde rwabitabiriye, ibisobanuro byibibazo byaganiriweho nabitabiriye amahugurwa, hamwe nibisubizo bifitanye isano cyangwa ibyemezo kubibazo. Nk’uko abahanga bamwe babivuga, “iminota” birashoboka ko yakomotse ku nteruro y'Ikilatini minuta scriptura (bisobanurwa ngo “inyandiko nto”) bisobanura “inoti zikaze”.
Mu minsi ya kera ya analogue, ubusanzwe iminota yashizweho mugihe cyinama numunyamakuru wandika cyangwa umunyamakuru wurukiko, wasangaga akoresha inyandiko ngufi hanyuma agategura iminota akayiha abitabiriye amahugurwa nyuma. Uyu munsi, inama irashobora gufatwa amajwi, gufata amashusho, cyangwa umunyamabanga washyizweho cyangwa washyizweho numunyamabanga ushobora gufata inyandiko, hamwe niminota yateguwe nyuma. Inzego nyinshi za leta zikoresha iminota yo gufata software kugirango yandike kandi itegure iminota yose mugihe nyacyo.
Ni ngombwa kumenya ko iminota ari inyandiko yanditse yemewe y'inama z'umuryango cyangwa itsinda, ariko ntabwo ari inyandiko-mvugo irambuye y'ibyo bikorwa. Dukurikije igitabo gikoreshwa cyane mu buryo bw’inteko ishinga amategeko cyitwa Robert's Rules of Order New Revised (RONR), inyandikomvugo igomba kuba ikubiyemo inyandiko zerekana ibyakozwe muri iyo nama, ntabwo ari ibyavuzwe n’abanyamuryango.
Imiterere yiminota irashobora gutandukana bitewe nubuziranenge bwashyizweho nishyirahamwe, nubwo hariho umurongo ngenderwaho rusange. Amategeko ya Robert akubiyemo icyitegererezo cy'iminota.
Mubisanzwe, iminota itangirana nizina ryumubiri ukora inama (urugero, akanama) kandi irashobora kandi gushiramo ahantu, itariki, urutonde rwabantu bahari, nigihe intebe yahamagariye inama gutegeka.
Inyandikomvugo yitsinda runaka, nkinama yubuyobozi, igomba kubikwa muri dosiye kandi ni ibyangombwa byemewe n'amategeko. Inyandikomvugo y'inama y'ubutegetsi ibikwa ukundi uhereye ku nyandikomvugo y'inama rusange y'abanyamuryango mu ishyirahamwe rimwe. Nanone, iminota yinama nyobozi irashobora kubikwa ukwayo.
Kuki ugomba gufata iminota y'inama?
Ni izihe mpamvu ukeneye kwandika inyandikomvugo y'inama? Nigute ushobora gufata iminota mu nama rusange? Urashaka gufata iminota munama yumuryango kugirango ubone amateka, utange amakuru kubantu babuze, kandi utange ibisobanuro nyabyo byamakuru yatangajwe nyuma ashobora gukoreshwa nkicyemezo cyangwa gihamya.
Uyu munsi, icyorezo cya coronavirus gituma amashyirahamwe ahinduka kumurimo wa kure. Inzira yo kwandika iminota yinama yibigo ifasha amashyirahamwe gukomeza guhuza n'imikorere. Ni ingirakamaro mubihe bya karantine kandi ifasha muguhindura ibintu byihuse.
Tekereza ibintu bikurikira: Ufite inama ikomeye numunyamategeko, kandi ushobora gukenera kubika amakuru arambuye kuri buri ngingo waganiriye kugirango ubone izindi nyandiko.
Niba ufite ibibazo bitoroshye mumasezerano yawe, ibyo bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kubucuruzi bwawe cyangwa kubibazo byawe bwite. Ninimpamvu ari ngombwa cyane gukurikirana ibintu byose.
Mu kazi kabuhariwe, iminota yinama yingirakamaro ni ngombwa. Kubera iki? Kuberako ubushobozi bwacu bwo kwibuka ubuhanga busanzwe burabujijwe. Igenzura rishobora kwihutisha amakosa no guhitamo nabi. Ninimpamvu yo gufata iminota yinama yibigo bisaba ubushobozi bwiza bwo kwibanda hamwe nugutwi gutangaje kubirambuye. Iyi nshingano ubusanzwe ihabwa umunyamabanga wizewe cyangwa umufasha wihariye. Ariko, biroroshye rwose gukora amakosa mugihe ufata iminota yinama.
Muri iki kiganiro, tuzavuga kubyerekeye kunyerera bizwi cyane bibaho mugihe ufata iminota yinama hamwe na gahunda zishobora kugufasha kubyirinda.
Shyira hamwe iminota yinama kugirango wirinde
Kugirango habeho gukorera mu mucyo no mu mucyo, amategeko yo muri Amerika arasaba ko inama zubuyobozi zikurikiza inzira runaka. Inama yubuyobozi ikeneye gufata iminota yinama hanyuma ikayigabana mubakozi.
Gufata iminota yinama yibigo byongeye bifasha abanyamuryango kwerekana ko bakorana inyungu nziza. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ifasha gusobanukirwa ubucuruzi kurwego rwibanze, no kumisoro, inshingano, nintego ziringirwa. Hatabayeho uburyo bukwiye, ariko, inama muri rusange zizaba ndende cyane kandi zinaniza. Mugihe abitabiriye amahugurwa benshi batangiye gufata amanama nkimyitozo yubusa, uziko uri munzira mbi.
Amakosa azwi cyane ni aya akurikira:
- Kudashyiraho gahunda yinama
Gahunda ishyiraho imiterere yinama yihariye. Nigishushanyo cyinsanganyamatsiko uzavugaho hamwe nabavuga rikijyana nigihe uzagabura kuri buri nsanganyamatsiko. Gahunda yinama yinama ishobora kumera nkibi bikurikira:
1. Q1 raporo yimari (Umuyobozi mukuru ushinzwe imari, iminota 15)
2. Gushyira mubikorwa sisitemu nshya yumutekano (CTO, iminota 15)
3. Kwitegura ikiganiro cyo gutangiza ibicuruzwa byegereje (Umunyamabanga w'itangazamakuru, iminota 20)
Gahunda isobanuwe neza itanga ubuyobozi kubitabiriye inama mugusobanura ingingo ntarengwa. Hatitawe ku kuba inama isanzwe icyumweru nicyumweru, ishishikariza abanyamuryango gukomera kumurongo no kurinda ubwonko bwabo (nijambo) kutayobera.
Ku minota myiza yinama yibigo, kubura gahunda ni inzitizi nini. Gufata iminota yinama bisaba gahunda neza. Hatariho gahunda isobanutse, umuntu ku giti cye agomba gufata iminota yo gufata amajwi ntabwo afite igitekerezo cyijimye cyo kwibandaho. Igisubizo: Buri gihe shiraho gahunda mbere yinama. Niba kubwimpamvu zitazwi wirengagije gukora nkibi, software transcript izagufasha gufata amakuru yatangajwe. Gutegura iminota yinama yawe, ariko, bizatwara igihe.
- Kudakomera kumwanya nibirimo mugihe ufata iminota yinama
Mugihe washyizeho gahunda yinama, ugomba kuyikurikiza. Gukurikiza igihe hamwe n'ingingo ziri kuri gahunda bisaba indero. Ikirenzeho, ikora uruhare runini: kugirango inama zidahinduka mubitagira umumaro kandi bidafite ishingiro.
Niki kibaho muminota yinama yumuryango niba wirengagije gukomeza inama mumipaka yayo? Ziba nini cyane kandi zidafite imiterere, kandi, kubwibyo, ntizishobora gukoreshwa kugirango zerekanwe cyangwa zifatwa nkizewe. Utitaye ku kuba umunyamuryango ushinzwe iminota yinama afite ubushobozi buhebuje bwo kwibandaho, ntushobora kwagura ubushobozi bwabo bwo gutumbira ubuziraherezo.
Igisubizo: Muri ibi bihe, guhura nyirubwite niwo muti mwiza. Shiraho umuntu wo kugenzura isano. Ikirenzeho, menya neza ko abantu bose bakurikiza amategeko yashyizweho mbere na gahunda yinama. Igihe ni cyo cyemezo cyinama, ntugasige rero.
- Kuba nta nama yumvikanyweho imiterere yiminota
Hatariho imiterere yashizweho mbere, iminota yinama yumuryango irashobora guhinduka idasomeka cyangwa itagerwaho. Niba utemeranya kumiterere ya dosiye, abafatanyabikorwa bawe badafite software yo gusoma ubu bwoko bwa dosiye ntibashobora kuyigeraho.
Iminota yinama igenewe kuboneka kuriwe mumasegonda abiri, umwanya uwariwo wose ubakeneye kugirango ubone ibisobanuro. Mubihe bikomeye, wahitamo kudatakaza umwanya wingenzi muguhindura inyandiko muburyo busomeka.
Nibyingenzi nanone gutura kuri archive kuminota yinyandiko. Ububiko bwibicu burashobora kuboneka mubikoresho byinshi kandi burigihe nicyemezo cyiza cyane cyo kubika inyandiko mvugo yiminota yinama.
Igisubizo: Gglot ihita ihindura ibyanditswe muburyo bwa dosiye .doc cyangwa .txt. Hejuru yibyo, ishyigikira uburyo bwinshi bwamajwi na videwo bizwi: MP3, M4A, WAV.
Porogaramu yo kwandukura nayo izohereza dosiye yiminota yinama yawe mugicu. Ibi bizakuraho ibibazo byose byagerwaho.
- Kutitondera amakuru arambuye mugihe wandika iminota yinama
Ntamuntu ukunda iminota yo guhura birambuye. Ibintu byose byasuzumwe, bigenewe gukoreshwa byihuse kandi bigomba gutanga amakuru magufi yamakuru ahanahana.
Kutibanda kubuto, hanyuma nanone, birashobora kuzana ubugenzuzi bukomeye. Byongeye kandi, birashobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye mugihe ukeneye cyane kugenzurwa neza cyangwa ibimenyetso.
Nibyibandwaho kumutwe wingenzi cyane nuburyo bworoshye butuma iminota yinama iba igikoresho cyingirakamaro. Icy'ingenzi cyane, ayo masano agomba kwerekana ibibazo byikigo hamwe nicyemezo abitabiriye inama bemeje.
Inyandikomvugo ntigomba kubura ikintu cyibanze: nkurugero, iyo inama y'ubutegetsi itoye icyemezo, iminota igomba kuba ifite inyandiko isobanura uwatoye iki.
Igisubizo: Hitamo kuminota yinama yinama. Bizagufasha kwerekana ubwoko bw'iteraniro, igihe, abanyamuryango, ibintu biri kuri gahunda, guhuza ibyemezo by'ingenzi, hamwe n'inama y'inama. Inyandikorugero igomba kugufasha kwirinda amakosa manini no kuguma hagati, kwibanda no gukora neza.
Icyingenzi cyane: itegure hakiri kare hanyuma ukore inama yinama
Gufata iminota yinama bisaba kwibanda cyane. Nibyingenzi gutandukanya buri ngingo kugiti cye no gusobanura icyingenzi nibidafite akamaro. Nibikorwa bitoroshye bisaba uburambe nibikorwa. Ntibyoroshye cyane gufata ibyemezo byose inama y'ubutegetsi yafashe mugihe cyinama hanyuma ikabyandika cyangwa ikabyandika.
Gusubiramo inama ni ngombwa cyane. Ugomba gukora igenzura rito hamwe nibibazo bigiye kuvuga muri make ibintu byose byavuzwe.
Kubwamahirwe, uyumunsi porogaramu yo kwandukura iguha ibikoresho byo gufata neza iminota yinama. Kandi, ifasha mukurangiza imirimo yintoki yihuta. Kurugero, ibiranga ubwenge bwa Ggglot biranga biranga buri muvugizi. Nibintu byingirakamaro cyane mugihe ufata iminota yinama. Gglot nayo ihita ihindura amajwi amajwi. Hamwe nibikoresho nka Gglot, urashobora guta umwanya ukibanda kubintu byingenzi.
Ibuka izi nama kandi utume inama yinama yawe ihura niminota.