Zvinogona Ngozi dzeArtificial Intelligence

Ndedzipi Dzimwe Njodzi Dzinogona Kuitika dzeArtificial Intelligence?

Artificial intelligence, kana iyo AI sezvainowanzo kutaurwa nezvayo, inyaya yakakurukurwa zvakanyanya mumakore gumi apfuura. Iri kusimukira nekukurumidza, ichiita kuti mafambiro emabhizinesi mazhinji kuve nyore uye anoshanda zvakanyanya. Kunyangwe muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva hwevanhu vazhinji AI yakaratidza kugona kukuru uye iri kutoitwa mumapurogiramu mazhinji akasiyana, zvichiita kuti hupenyu huve nyore uye husina kuoma. AI yakaunza mabhenefiti akawanda kwatiri uye sainzi iri kugadzira nzira yekuti zvimwe zvakawanda zviuye saka zvine njodzi kutaura kuti AI ichave yakakosha mune ramangwana, kana isati yatove.

Asi semenduru yega yega ine mativi maviri, ndizvo zvinoitawo AI. Iyi tekinoroji inouyawo nezvakawanda zvingangoitika njodzi uye nekuipa. Nyanzvi zhinji uye tekinoroji masterminds enguva yedu vari kuratidza kushushikana kwavo pamusoro pezvinetso zvingakonzereswa neAI mune ramangwana uye nekudaro tinofanira kungwarira kugadzirisa nyaya idzi vachiri kukwanisa kugadziriswa. Tinorevei kana tichidaro?

Pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvinofanirwa kutariswa maererano nenyaya idzi. Muchinyorwa chino tichaedza kutsanangura dzimwe njodzi dzinogona kuunza kukurumidza kukurumidza kweAI kupasi redu uye nhanho ipi inofanirwa kutorwa kuti titarise uye kutungamira kufambira mberi ikoko munzira kwayo.

1. Mabasa

Isu tine chokwadi chekuti munhu wese anga atove nemukana wekunzwa kana kuverenga nezve kurapa kungangoitwa nemichina uye otomatiki inogona kupa kuchikoro chekare, nzvimbo dzebasa dzevanhu. Vamwe vanhu vanogona kutambura nekushushikana kwakasiyana-siyana pamusoro pemichina inoba mabasa avo. Kutya uku kunogona kunge kwakanyatso hwaro, basa otomatiki injodzi huru kune vanhu vazhinji: vangangoita makumi maviri neshanu muzana vekuAmerica vanogona kurasikirwa nebasa nekuti pane imwe nguva michina ichakwanisa kuvatsiva. Kunyanya panjodzi inzvimbo dzakaderera-mubhadharo umo munhu anoita mabasa anodzokororwa, semabasa ekutonga kana chikafu-basa. Nekudaro, kunyangwe vamwe vakapedza kudzidza kuyunivhesiti vari panjodzi, maalgorithms epamusoro ekudzidza muchina anogona kukwanisa kuvatsiva mune mamwe mabasa akaomarara nekuti ari kuwedzera kunatswa, kunyanya kuburikidza nekushandiswa kweneural network uye kudzidza kwakadzama.

Asi isu hatigone kutaura kuti marobhoti anozosundira kunze vanhu kubva pamusika webasa. Vashandi vanozongofanira kugadzirisa, kuzvidzidzisa uye kutsvaga nzira yekushanda nekushandira pamwe neAI, ichiita mashandisiro akanakisa ekushanda kwayo uye mechanic logic. AI haisati yakwana, semuenzaniso haikwanise kuita nhare dzekutonga, saka chinhu chemunhu chinoramba chiri chesarudzo kana uchishanda pamwe nemichina.

Kune yakawanda yeAI yakavakirwa tekinoroji inoshandisa otomatiki mhinduro inoda kudzidziswa uye kudzidziswa uku kunoenderana nekuisa kwevanhu. Muenzaniso wakanaka weizvi ishanduro dzemuchina dzinowana mapindiro kubva kuhuwandu hweshanduro dzakaitwa nevanhu. Mumwe muenzaniso wakanaka ndeyekunyoreswa kwesoftware inowana data rekudzidziswa kubva muzvinyorwa zvakarurama zvakaitwa nenyanzvi dzekunyora vanhu. Nenzira iyi software inovandudzwa zvishoma nezvishoma, ichinatsa maalgorithms ayo kuburikidza nemuenzaniso chaiwo wehupenyu. Vanyori vevanhu vanobatsirwa nesoftware nekuti inovabatsira kugadzira zvinyorwa nekukurumidza. Iyo software inogadzira yakaomarara, dhizaini vhezheni yezvinyorwa, iyo inozopepetwa nekugadziriswa neanonyora. Izvi zvinochengetedza nguva yakawanda, uye zvinoreva kuti pakupedzisira chigadzirwa chekupedzisira chichaendeswa nekukurumidza uye chichave chakanyatsojeka.

2. Dambudziko rekurerekera divi rimwe chete

Chinhu chikuru pamusoro pealgorithms ndechekuti ivo vanogara vachiita sarudzo dzakachena, dzisiri dzakarerekera, mukusiyana kwakanyanya kune vanhu vanozviisa pasi uye vane manzwiro. Kana kuti vanozviita here? Chokwadi ndechekuti kuita sarudzo kwechero automated software kunoenderana nedata ravakadzidziswa. Saka, pane njodzi yerusarura muzviitiko apo semuenzaniso chimwe chikamu chehuwandu hachina kumiririrwa zvakakwana mu data rakashandiswa. Facial recognition software iri kutoferefetwa kune mamwe ematambudziko aya, nyaya dzekurerekera dzakatoitika.

Mumwe muenzaniso wakanaka wekuti hungwaru hwekugadzira hungave hwakarerekera sei ndeye COMPAS (Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions). Ichi chishandiso chekuongorora njodzi-uye-chinoda kufanotaura nezvezve njodzi yekudzoka pakati pevapari vemhosva. Iyi algorithm-based tool yakaongororwa uye zvigumisiro zvakaratidza kuti data yeCOMPAS yakanga yakarerekera rusaruraganda. Semuenzaniso, maererano nedata, vatsigiri veAfrica-America vainyanya kutongwa zvisiri izvo kuti vave nengozi yepamusoro yekudzokorora kupfuura mamwe marudzi. Iyo algorithm zvakare yaiwanzoita chikanganiso chakapesana nevanhu verudzi rwechena.

Saka, chii chakaitika pano? Iyo algorithm inoenderana nedata saka kana iyo data yakarerekera, software yacho ingangopa zvakarerekera mhedzisiro zvakare. Dzimwe nguva inewo chimwe chekuita nekuunganidzwa kwe data.

Automated Speech Recognition tekinoroji inogona zvakare kurerekera kune murume kana dzinza nekuda kwekuti data rekudzidzisa harina kusarudzwa munhau inogonesa kubatanidzwa kwakakwana.

3. Zvekuchengetedza

Kune mamwe matambudziko ane artificial intelligence ane ngozi zvekuti anogona kukonzera tsaona. Mumwe wemienzaniso yakakurumbira yekushandisa AI tekinoroji ndiyo inozvityaira mota. Nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinofunga kuti iri ndiro remangwana rezvokufambisa. Asi chinhu chikuru chiri kutadzisa kuti motokari dzinozvityaira dzipinde mutraffic nekukasira kusashanda kwayo izvo zvinogona kuisa hupenyu hwevafambi nevanofamba netsoka. Nhaurirano yekutyisidzira iyo mota dzinozvimiririra dzingaunza mumigwagwa ichiri chaiyo. Kune vanhu vanofunga kuti tsaona dzinogona kuita shoma dai motokari dzinozvifambisa dzichibvumirwa mumugwagwa. Kune rumwe rutivi, pane zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti zvinogona kukonzera kukanganisa kwakawanda, nokuti zvizhinji zvezviito zvavo zvichange zvichibva pane zvavanoda zvakagadzirirwa nemutyairi. Ikozvino zviri kune vanogadzira kusarudza pakati pekuchengetedza nehupenyu hwevanhu uye zvido zvevatasvi (senge avhareji yekumhanya uye mamwe maitiro ekutyaira). Chinangwa chikuru chemotokari dzinozvityaira chero ipi zvayo inofanira kunge iri kuderedzwa kwetsaona dzemotokari, kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwemaitiro eAI algorithms uye ma sensors epamusoro anogona kuona uye kunyange kufanotaura chero zvingangoitika zvemigwagwa. Nekudaro, hupenyu chaihwo hunogara hwakaoma kuti chero chirongwa, saka izvo zvinogumira tekinoroji iyi ichiri chimwe chezvinotadzisa kuita kwayo kwakapararira. Rimwe dambudziko inyaya yekuvimbana. Kune vanhu vazhinji vane makore nemakore eruzivo rwekutyaira, kuisa kuvimba kwese mumawoko edhijitari kunogona kuonekwa sechiito chekufananidzira kune maitiro edhijitari. Chero zvazvingaitika, kusvika zvese izvi zvagadziriswa, mamwe emhando yepamusoro tekinoroji mhinduro dzakatoitwa mumotokari nyowani, uye vatyairi vevanhu vanogona kubatsirwa kubva kune akasiyana masensa, akabatsira mabhureki mhinduro uye cruise controls.

4. Zvinangwa zvakaipa

Tekinoroji inofanirwa kubatsira zvinodiwa nevanhu uye kushandiswa kuita kuti hupenyu hwavo huve nyore, hunakidze uye hunofanirwa kuchengetedza nguva yakakosha yemunhu wese. Asi dzimwe nguva tekinoroji yeAI yakashandiswawo kuita zvakaipa, nenzira inoisa njodzi kune yedu yepanyama, yedhijitari uye yezvematongerwo enyika.

• Chengetedzo yenyama: Imwe njodzi inogona kuitika yeAI, iyo inonzwika zvinoshamisa pakutanga uye inogona kukutonhodza kumapfupa ako ihondo inogona kuitika pakati penyika dzakasimukira tekinoroji, inoitwa neanozvitonga ezvombo masisitimu akarongedzerwa kuuraya nenzira inoshanda uye ine hutsinye. Ichi ndicho chikonzero zvakakosha kudzora kuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hwemauto kuburikidza nezvibvumirano, mirau uye zvirango, kuitira kuchengetedza hunhu kubva kunjodzi inotyisa yeAI yakavakirwa hondo.
• Digital chengetedzo: Hackers vatove kutyisidzira kuchengetedzeka kwedu kwedhijitari uye AI software yave kutoshandiswa kubira kwepamberi. Nekugadzirwa kwesoftware yakadaro, ma hackers anove akanyanya kushanda muzvakaipa uye kuzivikanwa kwedu kwepamhepo kuchave kwakanyanya panjodzi yekuba. Kuvanzika kwedata rako pachako kunogona kukanganisika zvakanyanya kuburikidza neyakajeka malware, inofambiswa neAI uye inotowedzera njodzi kuburikidza nekushandisa kwakadzama kudzidza. Fungidzira mbavha yedhijitari, yakahwanda kumashure kwezvirongwa zvako zvaunofarira, ichiwedzera hunyengeri zuva nezuva, kudzidza kubva kumamiriyoni ehupenyu chaihwo mienzaniso yekushandiswa kwesoftware uye kugadzira umbavha hwakaoma hwekuzivikanwa hunoenderana neiyo data.

• Chengetedzo yezvematongerwo enyika: munguva dzemhirizhonga dzatiri kurarama madziri, kutya nhau dzenhema uye kurekodhwa kwekunyepedzera kwakarurama. AI inogona kukuvadza zvakanyanya neautomated disinformation danidziro, izvo zvinogona kuve nengozi zvakanyanya panguva yesarudzo.

Saka, kugumisa, tingazvibvunza timene kuti ungwaru hwokunyepedzera hunogona kutikuvadza zvakadini uye kuti hunogona kukuvadza zvikuru kupfuura kunaka kurudzi rwomunhu.

Nyanzvi dzinotaura kuti kusimudzira kwetsika uye masangano anotonga achaita chikamu chikuru kana zvasvika pakudzikamisa zvakaipira izvo hungwaru hwekugadzira hungakonzeresa kuhupenyu hwedu. Chero zvingazoitika, tine chokwadi chekuti zvichave nekukanganisa kukuru munyika yedu mune ramangwana.

Kuzivikanwa kwekutaura software, yakavakirwa pamhando yepamusoro yeAI protocol yave kutoshandiswa, uye inounza akawanda mabhenefiti kune bhizinesi renyika: workflows inokurumidza uye nyore. Gglot mutambi mukuru mundima iyi uye tiri kudyara zvakanyanya mukuvandudza tekinoroji yedu mberi.